Language term
Purpose
The reason a text is written, such as to persuade, inform, describe or entertain.
What it means
Purpose is the reason a text is written, the effect it aims to have on its reader. Common purposes include to persuade, inform, describe, entertain, advise, argue and explain. A single text may have more than one.
A writer's purpose shapes their choices of language, structure and tone. A persuasive piece uses emotive language and rhetorical devices, while an informative one prizes clarity and fact. Identifying purpose helps a reader understand why a text is written as it is.
It guides a writer in every task.
Why it matters in the exam
In writing tasks, matching your language and structure to a clear purpose is assessed directly. Losing sight of the purpose, such as informing when you should persuade, costs marks. In the reading paper, identifying a writer's purpose helps you explain their choices of tone, structure and technique.
Purpose works alongside audience and form. Keeping all three in mind is the foundation of a well-judged, effective piece of writing.
Example
A leaflet urging people to recycle has a persuasive purpose. It uses commands, emotive words and appeals to conscience rather than dry, neutral facts.
How to use it
Identify the purpose before you write and let it shape your language, structure and tone. Persuasive tasks need rhetorical devices, and informative ones need clarity. Keep the purpose in focus throughout so your writing does not drift.
In analysis, name the writer's purpose and explain how specific techniques serve it, connecting method to intended effect on the reader.
Unsure how "Purpose" earns marks? A trial hour with an experienced teacher shows it in a real answer.